Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Ariel Courage is an experienced editor, ...

James Chen, CMT is an expert trader, investment adviser, and global market strategist. Somer G. Anderson is CPA, doctor of accounting, and an accounting and finance professor who has been working in ...

A quotation is a phrase taken directly from a text or speech. These punctuation marks should contain the words taken from the text: In A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens the character of Scrooge is ...

Use double quotation marks (" ") to enclose phrases or entire sentences that were taken word for word from someone else. Quotation marks are not needed for paraphrasing. Example: The dog he brings on ...

The punctuation for integrating academic quotes is a little different than dialogue punctuation. When a quotation ends a sentence and the parenthetical citation is at the end, the period should come ...