Guanine quadruplexes (G-quadruplexes or G4s) are unusual nucleic acid structures with distinct biological and chemical functions. They have occupied significant attention in the nucleic acid world ...

Nucleic acids are complex biological molecules that store and transmit genetic information in all living organisms. They are essential for the survival and reproduction of life on Earth. The two main ...

In 1869, Swiss scientist Friedrich Miescher isolated a mysterious substance from cell nuclei—an overlooked finding that would ...

Structural comparison of DNA and the artificial TNA, a Xeno nucleic acid with the natural base pairs AT and GC and an additional base pair (XY). The DNA carries the genetic information of all living ...

The chemical structure of uracil, showing its single-ring pyrimidine structure. Uracil forms hydrogen bonds with adenine in RNA, contributing to the molecule's structure and function. (Image: Public ...

DNA and RNA are central to laboratory and clinical research, where quantifying their abundance is key to applications such as gene expression analysis, cell and gene therapy development, and ...

Nucleic acid extraction is the starting point for a large number of processes in molecular biology, making it fundamental to the success of all downstream applications. For many decades, traditional ...

Disease-causing viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, hepatitis virus, and influenza virus pose serious threats to public health. To combat viral outbreaks, early detection of a virus’s presence in a population ...