The diagram illustrates the key stages of protein synthesis in a eukaryotic cell. It begins with transcription to produce pre-mRNA in the nucleus (1), followed by post-transcriptional modification (2) ...

Premature termination of transcription influences ribosomal RNA output and RNA polymerase I drug sensitivity, revealing a mechanism of resistance to transcription-targeting chemotherapy.

Researchers developed C28, an engineered polymerase that efficiently synthesizes RNA at near-natural speeds with high accuracy. Created through directed evolution, the enzyme also performs reverse ...

A 45-nucleotide strand of RNA can now synthesize both its mirror-image complement and a copy of itself, bringing scientists closer than ever to demonstrating how life could have emerged from chemistry ...

From vaccines and diagnostics to emerging gene-based therapies, RNA molecules are now central to modern medicine. But as their use continues to grow, so does a fundamental challenge: producing RNA ...

AI can help protein engineers optimize the transcription enzymes used to make mRNA-based vaccines and therapeutics, say the authors of a new study.

tRNAs have a distinct cloverleaf secondary structure and an L-shaped tertiary structure. The cloverleaf structure is formed by the folding of the single-stranded tRNA molecule, which is typically ...

These random molecules were fed a collection of three-base-long RNAs, each linked to a chemical tag. The idea was that if a molecule is capable of ligating one of these short RNA fragments to itself, ...

The discovery of catalytic RNA transformed our understanding of life's beginnings. Clare Sansom explores how the RNA world ...

A study on how aging impacts the brain in killifish has found that getting old selectively impairs the production of some key DNA- and RNA-binding proteins. And this change contributes to hallmarks of ...