Being able to quantify a surface finish is both a complex and necessary task. While surface topography relates to a three-dimensional property, the most accepted surface measurement parameter is ...

Surface roughness is referred to as a series of microscopic geometric features of tiny valleys and peaks of different spacings and heights that are typically arranged in a non-deterministic way on a ...

The concept of measuring surface roughness originated nearly a century ago as a means to prevent uncertainty and disputes between manufacturers and buyers. Now, it has become a common identifier used ...

Surface roughness influences many mechanical properties, including friction and adhesion, surface reactivity, semiconductor substrate quality, and surface interaction with electromagnetic waves, ...